Review of Fish oil: Fish types, sourcing, processing, analysis and claims for fish oils sold as dietary supplements
[Karl Note: Heating any oil damages it greatly.]
Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease
Are Fish A Safe Source Of Omega3 Oils?
Fish types, sourcing, processing, analysis and claims for fish oils sold as dietary supplements.
Anchovies and Sardines have the highest naturally occurring levels of the fatty acids EPA and DHA ranging from approx. 16%-21% EPA and 10%-16% DHA.
In comparison Salmon oil is actually much lower in EPA/DHA and is typically 6%-9% DHA. Salmon oil is rendered mostly from farm-raised Salmon in Northern waters.
Many dietary fish oil supplements claiming pure Salmon oil are generally a mixture of other oils with higher levels of EPA and DHA. Pure salmon oil in a 1000mg soft gel would yield approx. 60 mg's EPA AND 90 mg's DHA per gel. If it's much higher than this then other fish oils have more than likely been added to bring the levels up.
Do fish oils come from Norway, Sweden, and Greenland etc.?
Yes and No! Many well-known suppliers of dietary supplements claim that their fish oils come only from northern waters because the supplier of their products may be in Norway or Sweden. While their location of these companies may be in Nordic geographies most of their fish oils come from Sardines and Anchovies caught off the coast of Chile.
Fish Oil Processing:
All fish oil for dietary supplements is refined to a lesser or greater degree. Refining requires bleaching clays, heat under vacuum, winterization and deodorization (molecular distillation). We cannot classify any of these processes as natural or gentle, however they are necessary in order to produce a pure and safe product for human consumption.
Molecular distillation is the only method (currently) that can remove metals, pcbs and other toxins to below detectable levels for human consumption. Most processing keeps the oils at up to 250 degrees C for up to 6 hours under vacuum. We use a molecular distillation process that takes only 45 seconds at 250 degrees C under high vacuum. This shortening of the "sit" or "residence" time for the process greatly improves the quality because it guarantees that no trans fats are created. Other molecular distillation processes and steam distillation have the potential to create trans fats because of the length of time the oil sits at high temperature.
Molecular distillation is also used to concentrate and increase the levels of EPA and DHA well above the standard 18% EPA and 12% DHA. Molecular distillation must occur before concentration begins! If the fish oil is concentrated prior to distillation it will also concentrate the PCBS's, metals and other toxins significantly increasing their levels. Therefore it is essential that fish oil be molecularly distilled prior to concentration.
Please note: The fish oils processed with this technology have very low levels of impurities between, below 0.005ppm are very safe for human consumption and are below California's Proposition 65 requirements. It is virtually impossible to remove 100% of all impurities but we can get them to below detectable levels.
Very low levels of PCB's and Heavy metals, PV (peroxide value) and Anisidines are the indicators that tell about the purity and quality of fish oils. High quality oils will have PV's from 1-3.5meq/kg and Anisidines of 13.5meq/kg or lower. Anisidines are just one aspect of the oxidative indications and are not as significant as PV. Anisidines of between 18 or below are also acceptable.
Please be aware that there are fish oil suppliers and dietary supplement companies who use labs that provide less costly and less detailed certificates of analysis. Make sure your supplier uses an Independent lab or can guarantee they follow established methods of analysis. Ask them if AOCS ( American Oil Chemists Society) methods are used for detection of metals, PCB's etc., and if European Pharmacopoea is used for fatty acid analysis (EPA/DHA levels). Make sure that the C of A includes a list of toxins tested, metals, and their levels, fatty acid analysis including PV and Anisidine levels.
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