Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 106,
Number 6, June 1998
[ Citation in PubMed ] [Related Articles ]
Elizabeth A. Guillette,1 María Mercedes Meza,2 Maria Guadalupe Aquilar,2 Alma Delia Soto,2 and Idalia Enedina Garcia2
1Bureau of Applied Research in
Anthropology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
2Direccion de Investigacion y Estudias de
Postgrado, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Obregón,
Sonora, México
Abstract
In this comparative study, we compensated for many of
the known variables that influence children's growth and
development by selecting two groups of 4-5-year-old Yaqui
children who reside in the Yaqui Valley of northwestern
Mexico. These children share similar genetic backgrounds,
diets, water mineral contents, cultural patterns, and
social behaviors. The major difference was their exposure
to pesticides. Pesticides have been applied to the
agricultural area of the valley since the late 1940s. In
1990, high levels of multiple pesticides were found in
the cord blood of newborns and in breast milk. Building
on anthropological methods for rapid rural appraisal of
problems within the environment, a Rapid Assessment Tool
for Preschool Children (RATPC) was developed to measure
growth and development. The children of the agrarian
region were compared to children living in the foothills,
where pesticide use is avoided. The RATPC measured varied
aspects of physical growth and abilities to perform, or
function in, normal childhood activities. No differences
were found in growth patterns. Functionally, the exposed
children demonstrated decreases in stamina, gross and
fine eye-hand coordination, 30-minute memory, and the
ability to draw a person. The RATPC also pointed out
areas in which more in-depth research on the toxicology
of pesticides would be valuable. Key words: children,
Mexico, pesticides, Yaqui. Environ Health Perspect
106:347-353 (1998). [Online 18 May 1998]
http://ehpnet1.niehs.nih.gov/docs/1998/106p347-353guillette/abstract.html
Address correspondence to E.A Guillette, 32 SW 43rd Terrace, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA.
The authors would like to acknowledge Gonzalo Robles Monteverde and José Luis Navarro of the Secretaría de Salud Publica, Sonora, and Jose Manuel López and Juan Manuel Morsan of the Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora for their assistance in making this study possible. We thank Howard Bern and Theo Colborn for valuable comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript and Lou Guillette for assistance with statistics. This work was funded in part by the Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology, University of Arizona, Direccion de Investigacion y Estudias de Postgrado, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora and Secretaría de Salud Publica, Sonora.
Received 5 September 1997; accepted 10 March 1998.
Last Update: May 6, 1998
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